If I’m Muslim and she’s Muslim, why do I have to postpone Nikah? If we a re carrying under Muslim marriage act?
The short answer is that while Muslim personal law in India permits a man to have up to four wives, this does not automatically mean your second Nikah will be legally valid in India.
Here is why you cannot proceed with the Nikah yet:
1. Your First Marriage Has Not Been Legally Dissolved in India
Your marriage was solemnised in India and is governed by Indian law. The US annulment is a foreign decree. Under Indian law, a foreign divorce or annulment is not automatically recognised. Until an Indian court formally recognises this US decree, your first marriage is still considered legally subsisting in India.
2. A Second Marriage While the First is Subsisting Creates a Legal Problem
Courts have consistently held that a Muslim man's second, third, or fourth marriage is not void merely because the first marriage is subsisting. This is why bigamy laws do not apply to Muslim men in India. However, this protection applies only when the marriages are valid under Muslim personal law.
3. The "Void Marriage" Exception
Crucially, courts have also held that the offence of bigamy will be attracted if the second marriage is declared "batil" (void) under Shariat by a competent court. If you perform a second Nikah now, your first wife (or any other party) could file a suit to have your second marriage declared void because it was contracted when your first marriage was still legally subsisting in India. This would make your second marriage legally invalid from the start.
4. Civil Registration Requires a Clear Marital Status
For civil registration of your new marriage, the authorities will require proof that your previous marriage has been legally dissolved in India. Without an Indian court order recognising the US annulment, your marital status in Indian records remains "married," and the registration of a second marriage will be rejected.
5. The Core Issue: A Foreign Decree is Not an Indian Decree
The US annulment is a foreign judgment. Under Section 13 of the Code of Civil Procedure, an Indian court must recognise it through a declaratory suit. Until you obtain this recognition order from an Indian family court, your first marriage legally continues to exist in India.
In summary: Muslim personal law permits polygamy, but it does not permit a marriage that has been declared void. Your second marriage is at risk of being declared void because it would be contracted while your first marriage is still legally subsisting in India. This is why you must first get the US annulment recognised by an Indian court before performing the Nikah.