• Query on witnesses in criminal case (498a)

1. How can I determine the identity of an independent prosecution witness in criminal cases (498a case) who we have not seen before and is unknown to us. I have a fear that the opposite party in connivance with PP may put up fake witness in the court and pass them off as genuine witness ?

Is there any judgement/citation ( or act) which I can reply where as a right of an accused I can insist the witness to submit his identity document in the court ?

2. In case I am acquitted from 498a, can I file case of malicious prosecution against the prosecution witnesses asking for monetary compensation from the witnesses for falsely deposing in court and giving wrong facts ? The court order may not explicitly mention that same in its' order but if I am acquitted on the basis that prosecution has not been able to prove my crime beyond doubt, am I eligible to file a compensation suit against the witnesses in 498a which State v/s me?
Asked 4 years ago in Family Law
Religion: Other

19 answers received from multiple lawyers

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19 Answers

1) you can cross examine the witness 

 

2) ask him to produce his identity proof 

 

3) . that mere filing of an FIR, but as per which FIR the criminal case against the accused is dismissed, would not mean that there is automatically to be held that it is a case of malicious prosecution because the essential ingredient with respect to a cause of action in a civil suit seeking damages for malicious prosecution was it must be proved that the criminal complaint was initiated without any reasonable and probable cause,

 

4)Gangadhar Padhy Vs. Prem Singh, in the high Court of Delhi, RFA 269/13, date of decision 15.01.2014 It has been held in this case after relying upon the judgment of S.T. Sahib Vs. N.Hasan Ghani Sahib, AIR 1957, Madras 646 that, "the action for malicious prosecution is not favoured in law and should be properly guarded and its true principles strictly adhered to, since public policy favours the exposure of a crime and it is highly desirable that those reasonable suspected of crime be subjected to the process of criminal law for the protection of society and the citizen be accorded immunity for bona fide efforts to bring anti-social members to the society to the bar of justice. It was thus held, that to be successful in a suit for malicious prosecution, it is imperative for the plaintiff to show that the proceedings had been instituted against him for an offence which was groundless as evidenced by the successful termination of the proceedings in his favour, and which were instituted against him by the defendant „without probable cause‟ and from „malicious motives‟ i.e. for indirect and improper motive"

Ajay Sethi
Advocate, Mumbai
99796 Answers
8147 Consultations

1. Yes, ask your lawyer to take care of this point at the cross-examination of the prosecution witness.

2. The witness can be prosecuted for perjury, lying on oath in court.

Swaminathan Neelakantan
Advocate, Coimbatore
3070 Answers
20 Consultations

Yes you can seek identity If the same at doubt. 

Yes you can file a case of defamation also along with malicious prosecution

Prashant Nayak
Advocate, Mumbai
34529 Answers
249 Consultations

1. The PP do not have any rights to include any witness at his whims.

The police in its charge sheet would include the list of  witnesses to be examined.

You cannot object to the inclusion of the witness who you may not even know, but can nullify their evidence through proper cross examination.

2.  No.

On acquittal from the case you would be relieved from the case, it is not that the case has been dismissed.

Even if the case is dismissed as false case, you cannot seek compensation against the prosecution witness, but you can file a case against police for malicious prosecution provided the case is dismissed by the court and not by passing an order of acquittal

 

T Kalaiselvan
Advocate, Vellore
89995 Answers
2496 Consultations

1. Your counsel can ask a number of questions during the cross examination of any witness to get holes in their testimony and if later on proved that the witnesses were indeed ingenuine, their testimony would not be considered as evidence at all.

2. Cases of defamation and perjury can be filed against the witnesses for giving false evidence in court. Also police complaint can be filed against them for the same.

Siddharth Jain
Advocate, New Delhi
6617 Answers
102 Consultations

Dear Querist

in cross-examination, you or your counsel may ask the question related to his identity and the documents related to his identity and at that time the witness shall be bound to answer your question.

in case of your acquittal, you may file a criminal case against the witnesses too for their false evidence.

 

Feel Free to Call

Nadeem Qureshi
Advocate, New Delhi
6348 Answers
302 Consultations

Dear client, 

1. It depends upon the type of witness they are. If the court has approved this witness and it believes the witness' identity needs to be concealed for their protection then you cannot do anything. 

2. Yes, you may do this. You can also file a case for defamation as well. 

Thank you. 

Anik Miu
Advocate, Bangalore
11018 Answers
125 Consultations

1. Certainly the details of the witness will be made known to you and your Advocate will get chance to cross examine him on his demand.

 

2. If you can prove that the said witness has placed false deposition, you can certainly file a case alleging making of false statement under affidavit for causing damage to you ad claim compensation fromhim.

Krishna Kishore Ganguly
Advocate, Kolkata
27703 Answers
726 Consultations

- Legally an unknown witness cannot be produced by the PP its own in a case , and only the witnesses mentioned in the charge sheet can be examined . 

- Further, if an unknown witness is produced in this case , then legally you can ask to the court to get his details , and further you have right to cross examine that witness logically to prove that the said witness is real or fake. 

- Further , if enquire that the said witness is a planted one , then you can lodge your compliant under section 340 CRPC and other provision in the said court to lodge an FIR against him for deposing falsely . 

- Further, if you acquitted in the said case then you cannot claim any compensation from him in India. like foreign country , however you can file a defamation suit against him . 

Mohammed Shahzad
Advocate, Delhi
15816 Answers
242 Consultations

You should object to admissibility of emergency slip in evidence while being marked as exhibit 

Ajay Sethi
Advocate, Mumbai
99796 Answers
8147 Consultations

He can get it marked with objection becasue this has not been marked  by the author of the document.

Later on he can get it nullified during cross examination. 

T Kalaiselvan
Advocate, Vellore
89995 Answers
2496 Consultations

He can object on the admissibilty the court will finally decide the evidentiary value 

Prashant Nayak
Advocate, Mumbai
34529 Answers
249 Consultations

- Yes, since this slip is not having the details of the doctor , then it can be challenged for its authenticity  during cross examination. 

Mohammed Shahzad
Advocate, Delhi
15816 Answers
242 Consultations

Your Advocate, while cross examining the signatory of the said slip,  shall have to put question to him and try to make the said evidence inadmissible.

Krishna Kishore Ganguly
Advocate, Kolkata
27703 Answers
726 Consultations

Yes but the same bail can be continued with surety

No

No

Yes but she will indulge a private lawyer

Prashant Nayak
Advocate, Mumbai
34529 Answers
249 Consultations

1) you don’t have to again obtain bail

 

2) stay would not be granted on first day of hearing 

 

3) no exparte stay would be granted 

Ajay Sethi
Advocate, Mumbai
99796 Answers
8147 Consultations

1. If the acquittal order has already passed, then there is no requirement for taking bail on filing an appeal by the OP.

2. No

3. No, without informing you by way of summon , the court cannot pass any order 

- Further , on filing an appeal by the opposite party , firstly  he will have to argue on the admission of the appeal , then the court may inform you , 

4. Appeal will be filed by the opposite party 

Mohammed Shahzad
Advocate, Delhi
15816 Answers
242 Consultations

1. If you have been released from the court and also the bail bond has been cancelled, then there is no necessity for you to get enlarged on bail once again just because the defacto complainant has preferred an appeal against the acquittal.  

2. There is no question of obtaining stay order against the order of appeal by the defacto complainant, only an appeal is maintainable.

3. See the above answer.

4. If the appellant impleads the PP as another respondent, then they may appear as respondent provided the government side PP have not preferred any appeal agaisnt the judgment of acquittal on their own.

T Kalaiselvan
Advocate, Vellore
89995 Answers
2496 Consultations

1. No. you shall have to contest the said appeal fittingly.

 

2.& 3. File a Caveat petition to stop his availing any stay order without hearing you.

 

4. The State will decide based on the merit of the case and act accordingly.

Krishna Kishore Ganguly
Advocate, Kolkata
27703 Answers
726 Consultations

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