The child marriage though a customary since it was conducted at a very early age, it may be considered as void as per prohibition of child marriage act, 2006.
Dispensing away the doubts as to its legal status, a division bench of the Delhi High Court in a recent decision has explained the legal position of marriage between minor couples. Holding that traditionally the valid between minors has been taken as neither void or voidable and on the contrary a legally valid marriage, the law was changed in 2006 by the Parliament with the enactment of the Prohibition of Child marriage Act, 2006 wherein under such marriages were made voidable at the option of the minor spouse.
The prohibition of child marriage act, 2006 has no retrospective effect.
“11. Void marriages.—Any marriage solemnized after the commencement of this Act shall be null and void and may, on a petition presented by either party thereto against the other party, be so declared by a decree of nullity if it contravenes any one of the conditions specified in clauses (i), (iv) and (v) of Section 5.
Though five conditions have been stipulated in section 5, only the contravention of three of them, namely, clauses (i), (iv) and (v) would render the marriage to be null and void. Clause (iii) of section 5, which is the condition with regard to the minimum ages of the bride and bridegroom, is conspicuous by its absence. As a result, a Hindu marriage solemnized in contravention of clause (iii) of section 5 of the HMA cannot be regarded as a void or invalid marriage.
Every child marriage, whether solemnised before or after the commencement of
this Act, shall be voidable at the option of the contracting party who was a child at the time of the marriage:
Provided that a petition for annulling a child marriage by a decree of nullity may be filed
in the district court only by a contracting party to the marriage who was a child at the time of the marriage.
(2) If at the time of filing a petition, the petitioner is a minor, the petition may be filed
through his or her guardian or next friend along with the Child Marriage Prohibition Officer.
(3)The petition under this section may be filed at any time but before the child filling the petition completes two years of attaining majority.