If your marriage has remained unconsumated from the time of marriage, then you can seek annulment on these grounds assuming both parties are Hindus by religion.
If you do not know his whereabouts all the more better, you can send the court notice to the last known address through the court and after service, the court will pronounce an exparte order which will be that more quicker.
since your husband has not been successful in joining you in the US, take this as a vital evidence to file the petition.
His consent is irrelevant if you wish to file for annulment on grounds of unconsumated marriage.