• Urgent advice needed for 16-year-old partition suit final decree – non-cooperative widow, reimbursement of expenses, protection

We need urgent guidance on completing the final decree proceedings in a long-pending partition suit.

Case Details:
Suit filed in 2008 for partition of joint family property.
Preliminary decree already passed several years ago, allotting 1/5 share to each branch (total 5 branches, including our mother Padma as one branch).
One plaintiff (my brother Vijay) passed away after the preliminary decree.
Vijay's legal heirs: Widow Divya (married to Vijay in 2017 only), two minor children, and our mother Padma (as Class I heir).
Opposite party came for a settlement to proceed with this case.

Our Branch's Situation:
From 2012 onwards, I (Kiran) have solely borne all litigation expenses (court fees, advocate fees, stamps, commissioner warrants, etc.) — first from salary/savings, then loans after COVID income loss, during n After covid, income dropped heavily, sold 30grams digital gold that I’ve accumulated, later I started taking new loans to repay the earlier loans. Because of the delay, one loan led to another with high interests, that’s how it reached this much today (excluding what I’ve already repaid).
Current outstanding loans: ₹16 lakhs (plus already repaid amounts with high interest).
Our mother Padma sold her personal gold jewellery in 2008–2009 to start the case.
No other co-sharer contributed even one rupee.

Problem with Divya:
Divya is refusing to sign vakalatnama or cooperate, saying “I don’t trust you”.
She has a history of severe harassment towards Vijay (threats, suicide threats, saying “we will live in peace only when you die”, forwarding news of wife killing husband with threat “this will happen to you by my hands”, installing call recorder on his phone, checking it even on the day he died).
We have recovered original call recordings and messages as evidence.
She once tried to file false domestic violence case at police station (while never living with us).
Because of all this, any family settlement or talking with her is impossible.

What We Want (Through Court Only):
Substitution of Vijay's legal heirs.
Proceed ex-parte against Divya’s branch if she does not cooperate.
Appoint court commissioner to execute registration/sale documents on behalf of Divya/minors.
Direct minors’ shares to be deposited in fixed deposit till majority — no withdrawal without court permission.
Reimbursement to me (outstanding loans + repaid amounts) and mother (gold value) under Order 20 Rule 18 CPC from sale proceeds before distribution (litigation expenses for common benefit).

Our Plan:
Register our branch's 1/5 share in our names and sell privately for better price.
Vijay’s branch share to be handled through court commissioner if needed.

Questions:
How to file strong IAs for the above reliefs quickly (with our evidence of threats)?
Is reimbursement under Order 20 Rule 18 possible on affidavit + loan documents + advocate certificate (no item-wise bills after 16 years)?
Timeline if we go ex-parte + commissioner route?
Asked 17 hours ago in Property Law
Religion: Hindu

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7 Answers

You must file an application to bring Vijay's legal representatives (Divya, minor children, and Padma) on record.
2) you can seek the appointment of a Court Commissioner.

 

3)If Divya is duly served notice of the final decree proceedings (after substitution) and repeatedly fails to appear or cooperate, your advocate can request the court to proceed ex-parte against her.

 

4)The call recordings, messages, and details of the attempted false case can be presented in an affidavit accompanying an application to show her non-cooperative and potentially malicious intent, justifying the court proceeding without her active participation to prevent further delays.

 

5) in prayers on final decree application seek order that a minor's share of proceeds from property sales be deposited in a nationalized bank in a term deposit (FD) until they reach the age of majority, with no withdrawals without court permission.

 

6)court under Section 35 of the CPC allows for awarding costs. The court may allow reimbursement for expenses demonstrably incurred for the preservation and benefit of the entire joint property, especially if it was essential for bringing the suit to fruition.

 

7) An affidavit with loan documents, bank statements showing disbursements, receipts, and an advocate's certificate can be submitted as evidence.

 

8) The entire final decree process using the ex-parte and commissioner route might take several months to over a yeardepending on procedural efficiency and potential legal challenges from Divya once an ex-parte order is issued.

Ajay Sethi
Advocate, Mumbai
99793 Answers
8147 Consultations

You can go through the above and seek courts directions but after selling the same the final possession will be decided as per the final court order if any

Prashant Nayak
Advocate, Mumbai
34526 Answers
249 Consultations

You first of all file a final decree petition on the basis of the preliminary decree. 

If the legal heirs of the deceased plaintiff are not cooperating then you can implead them as respondents in the final decree If they do not respond to the court summons then the court will take action as per law on the basis of the facts of the case as well as on the line of the preliminary decree. 

T Kalaiselvan
Advocate, Vellore
89994 Answers
2495 Consultations

You can seek compensation and damages from court as costs of prayed 

Prashant Nayak
Advocate, Mumbai
34526 Answers
249 Consultations

reimbursement claim under Order 20 Rule 18 CPC usually requires a proper inquiry with item-wise proof to pass a final decree

 

2) The absence of detailed proof weakens the claim, as the court must be satisfied with the veracity and specifics of the expenses.

3) . The audio recordings you mention are highly relevant and can be used as crucial evidence to seek the removal of a guardian due to unfitness or a hostile environment. 

Ajay Sethi
Advocate, Mumbai
99793 Answers
8147 Consultations

The court cannot do the process of reimbursement on its own, if the claimant is producing proper and substantial documentary evidences and within the limitation period, then the court may analyse the facts and pass appropriate orders on the application in this regard.

The audio recordings accompanied by a certificate under section 65b if found to be satisfactory then the court may consider that evidence. 

T Kalaiselvan
Advocate, Vellore
89994 Answers
2495 Consultations

  • Yes, the court can itself complete the entire distribution in the final decree: substitute Vijay’s LRs, determine and deduct common expenses from the hotchpot (if proved), fix and protect minors’ shares (FD till majority, withdrawal only with court’s leave), and ensure Divya’s share is released through court, without any private settlement.

  • Reimbursement: There is no automatic right under Order 20 Rule 18, but in partition suits courts routinely adjust equities in the final decree (mesne profits, common expenses, improvement costs, etc.) if you lead satisfactory evidence that expenses were incurred for common benefit; affidavit + loan documents + your bank entries + advocate’s certificate and court‑fee receipts can be accepted even if item‑wise bills for 16 years are not available, especially when other sharers never contributed. It is not legally correct that Divya’s consent or Vijay’s will is mandatory; it is an evidentiary issue, not a consent issue.

  • Guardianship / control over minors’ share: Recordings and messages showing serious cruelty, death threats and suicidal blackmail are relevant material for appointment or removal of a guardian; under the Guardians and Wards Act, a natural guardian can be displaced if the court finds ill‑treatment or conduct making them unfit, and the paramount consideration is the welfare of the minors. You can seek, in the final decree or separate guardianship petition, that Padma be appointed guardian of the minors’ property share or that the amounts remain in court‑controlled FDs with strict withdrawal conditions.

Shubham Goyal
Advocate, Delhi
2082 Answers
14 Consultations

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