• Grooming

Hello,

I am a legal student. In a scenario where a pedophile facilitates an environment where he normalises behaviour claiming that he does so in order to "broaden a person's horizons" to a group of children including his own then what are the legal ramifications for the children that were threatened, indoctrinated and groomed. If he used standard tactics such as giving rewards, built a relationship of trust over years, and ensured secrecy through threats of death, economic ruin, and homelessness. If he started with the children at a very young age showing them sexually explicit material and targets his children's friendship group and others through an online application normalising language such as "rape", telling them all friendship is romantic in its very nature, and that no one can hate anyone because hatred just means disagreement. He also tells other adults that children are lying and ensures that they copy his behaviour through the threats above to blackmail the people he has groomed. I was wondering about whether the children that are groomed would be in any trouble legally given the circumstances.
Asked 3 months ago in Criminal Law
Religion: Muslim

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19 Answers

He can be charged under appropriate sections of pocso Act for the same for sexual assault and other applicable provisions in said Act

Prashant Nayak
Advocate, Mumbai
34494 Answers
248 Consultations

Children are the innocent victims 

 

if they have participated in said acts and done said acts to other children they would have to face the legal consequences 

 

they would be prosecuted for offences committed on other children 

Ajay Sethi
Advocate, Mumbai
99755 Answers
8141 Consultations

 

On becoming adults the children should refrain from these acts 

 

report the offender to police 

Ajay Sethi
Advocate, Mumbai
99755 Answers
8141 Consultations

Kids should not have forced other children to have sex with them 

 

as long they were victims they have case against the offender 

Ajay Sethi
Advocate, Mumbai
99755 Answers
8141 Consultations

Children who are threatened, indoctrinated, or groomed by an adult engaging in sexual abuse are not legally liable for any actions they were compelled to perform or participate in under such circumstances. Laws in jurisdictions like the UK and India recognize that minors lack the legal capacity to consent to sexual acts, and any apparent cooperation or compliance is treated as the result of manipulation, coercion, or undue influence. In cases involving threats, blackmail, and psychological control, the law considers those affected as victims in need of protection, never as offenders.

Children who are made to commit acts or are forced to replicate abusive behavior—due to threats of harm, economic ruin, or homelessness—are fully protected by legal defenses such as lack of criminal intent, duress, and incapacity. They cannot be prosecuted for being victims of grooming or abuse, regardless of what an abuser made them do. Instead, all legal and welfare mechanisms focus on removing them from harm, providing care, and holding only the perpetrator criminally responsible.

If academic or further legal research or practical guidance on this topic is needed, our office can be engaged for assistance. All advice given is strictly confidential and grounded in the facts provided.

Yuganshu Sharma
Advocate, Delhi
945 Answers
2 Consultations

If a 15-year-old boy independently molests or rapes other children, takes photographs, and uses threats—and does so out of his own initiative, not directly under continuing grooming or coercion by the original abuser—he can be held criminally responsible, though the law will still consider his background of grooming or past trauma as a significant mitigating factor. In the UK, children aged 10 and above can be prosecuted for serious sexual offences. In India, juveniles (under 18) are tried under the Juvenile Justice Act, with greater focus on rehabilitation. If he threatens other children with harm to their families to force sexual acts, these are serious criminal offences, though his own history as a victim may impact sentencing and social services intervention.

If a girl, once groomed as a “handler” from age 14, is told as an adult (age 22) to have sex with a 15-year-old, consensual sexual activity with a child under 16 (in the UK) or under 18 (in India) is a criminal offence, regardless of past abuse. However, if she is acting under continued threat, blackmail, or intense psychological control, the law may treat this as a case of duress or coercion—defences that may reduce or mitigate liability but do not fully absolve adults. Courts may direct her to receive counseling and support but will prioritize protection of the younger child.

In summary:

  • Children who are groomed, indoctrinated, or forced remain victims, not offenders, and are protected from prosecution.

  • If young people—now older—perpetrate abuse independently, the law considers their prior grooming but can still hold them accountable, using youth justice/statutory mitigation.

  • Adult victims who abuse minors (without direct, present coercion) generally face prosecution, with their history informing, but not excusing, liability.

Each case depends on the specific facts and interplay of intent, coercion, age, and mental health. If you need deeper academic or legal analysis, our office can assist confidentially.

Yuganshu Sharma
Advocate, Delhi
945 Answers
2 Consultations

Boy would be prosecuted as he has raped other children 

Ajay Sethi
Advocate, Mumbai
99755 Answers
8141 Consultations

Girl has also committed a criminal offence and would  be prosecuted 

Ajay Sethi
Advocate, Mumbai
99755 Answers
8141 Consultations

Due to rapid technological changes, online child sexual exploitation offenses are increasing in scale and complexity.

Individuals who seek to sexually exploit children through child sexual abuse material can do so from anywhere in the world by using digital devices and the internet.

Increasingly, perpetrators are grooming minors to engage in sexually explicit conduct online.

Offenders engaged in either type of production have been known to take advantage of multiple vulnerabilities of a child, including a minor’s fear of getting in trouble with their parents or guardians, school, or law enforcement.

This can result in the minor being extorted or blackmailed to create additional child sexual abuse. 

Even families who have become aware of the issue have been concerned the child will get into trouble with law enforcement  and may not report the crime, preventing investigators from identifying and stopping the offender.

There is also a growing trend of juveniles victimizing other juveniles online, including through social media apps.

Child victims have been reluctant to come forward because they do not want an offender, who may be a peer, to get in trouble.

Technology has enhanced offender sophistication and changed behavior patterns. Offenders can now groom and engage with victims on multiple platforms using surreptitious means, including common, everyday platforms where victims are particularly unsuspecting, i.e., gaming systems and social media sites.

Offenders can access and demand child sexual abuse repeatedly, any time they desire, without the need to store the files on their own devices. Once an image or video of child sexual abuse material is posted online, it can be immediately circulated around the globe, traded internationally, and is thus unable to be eradicated. child sexual abuse material lives forever, leaving victims to suffer a lifetime of consequences of the recording of their sexual abuse, always wondering when and where the images and videos will appear and by whom their exploitation will be seen.

T Kalaiselvan
Advocate, Vellore
89957 Answers
2490 Consultations

Child victims have been reluctant to come forward because they do not want an offender, who may be a peer, to get in trouble.

Offenders engaged in either type of production have been known to take advantage of multiple vulnerabilities of a child, including a minor’s fear of getting in trouble with their parents or guardians, school, or law enforcement.

T Kalaiselvan
Advocate, Vellore
89957 Answers
2490 Consultations

Technology has also made it easier for offenders to access unsupervised children. Every year, more and younger children are given unfettered and unmonitored access to devices that connect them to the internet.

This can expose them to offenders, through their computers, gaming systems, and mobile devices. Geography and lack of physical access are no longer hurdles to offenders engaging with youth; offenders who did not previously have any children in their lives can easily and instantaneously connect online with potential victims anywhere in the world.

The law enforcement agencies are helpless because most of such offences are going unreported hence they are not being investigated properly due to offenders skilled modus operandi.

 

T Kalaiselvan
Advocate, Vellore
89957 Answers
2490 Consultations

A 15 year old boy indulging in such activities are also called as offence, of course there are various laws to  punish such offenders as per law including juvenile acts.

The victims can report the matter through their parents/guardians to the law enforcing agency.

T Kalaiselvan
Advocate, Vellore
89957 Answers
2490 Consultations

Life is demanding, and many parents hardly have time to breathe, let alone coax their kids into conversations. 

In this situation a girl groomed to handle at the age of 14 and having sex at the age of 22 with 15 year old can be  an offence in the legal point of view.

The victim's parents can make a complaint agaisnt the this offence of child abuse.

T Kalaiselvan
Advocate, Vellore
89957 Answers
2490 Consultations

No need to bow down to pressure tactics 

 

complain to cops against offender 

Ajay Sethi
Advocate, Mumbai
99755 Answers
8141 Consultations

  • POCSO Act: Children under 18 are always treated as victims, not offenders.

  • Criminal liability: Below 7 – none; 7–12 – rare; 12–18 – only via Juvenile Justice Act, and grooming/coercion is a defence.

  • As adults (18+): Can be liable for fresh offences, but past grooming is a mitigating factor.

  • Threats/blackmail: Covered under IPC (503, 383 etc.); victim not guilty.

In India: groomed kids have no legal trouble — only the abuser is liable.

Shubham Goyal
Advocate, Delhi
2054 Answers
14 Consultations

 Grooming is a method by which sexual offenders engage children and their caretakers so that the abuse can occur with minimal risk of detection. 

At present, the law in India to protect children from sexual offences is The Protection of Children from Sexual Offences Act, 2012 (POCSO). Section 11(vi) of POCSO provides that a person who entices a child for pornographic purposes or gratification, with sexual intent is said to commit sexual harassment upon a child. Further, section 11(iv) of POCSO states that a person is said to commit sexual harassment when such person "repeatedly or constantly follows or watches or contacts a child either directly or through electronic, digital or any other means" with sexual intent.

To make laws against grooming more robust in India, ‘grooming’ needs to be explicitly recognised as an offence in India.

T Kalaiselvan
Advocate, Vellore
89957 Answers
2490 Consultations

  • The victim, now an adult, has full legal capacity to report the crime and seek justice. Threatening the victim to prevent reporting constitutes a separate criminal offence, including intimidation, criminal intimidation (Section 503 IPC), and extortion.

  • The original offences of grooming and molestation are serious crimes under laws like the Protection of Children from Sexual Offences (POCSO) Act in India or Sexual Offences Acts in the UK, carrying severe penalties.

  • The use of sexually explicit video games or material to groom or manipulate minors is considered aggravating evidence of abuse and exploitation.

  • Victims under threat or blackmail should immediately report these threats to the police or appropriate child protection agencies. The law provides mechanisms for protection, such as police custody, witness protection programs, and legal remedies.

  • Psychological coercion and threats cannot absolve the offender; instead, they reinforce criminal culpability.

  • It is advisable that victims seek legal counsel and counseling support to ensure personal safety and to navigate the legal process effectively.

If academic research or detailed legal guidance is required on victim rights, evidentiary standards, or protective legislation, our office can assist confidentially. This guidance is strictly confidential and based on the facts provided

Yuganshu Sharma
Advocate, Delhi
945 Answers
2 Consultations

Yes he can file a complain under pocso but proving that will be a tough act 

Prashant Nayak
Advocate, Mumbai
34494 Answers
248 Consultations

- Under the UK law such activities are an offence , and the said children can take legal action even after attaining a major age. 

Mohammed Shahzad
Advocate, Delhi
15796 Answers
242 Consultations

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