Instances abound where builders have pledged the entire property with banks to raise huge sums, only to disappear, leaving behind unfinished projects.
However this mortgage loan would be on an unregistered deed hence it escaped the entry in the encumbrance certificate and you or the LIC Housing finance could not find an adverse report to this effect in their search report.
The banks of buyers are then unable to trace the loan taken by the builder with the first bank. As a result, buyers do not get the apartment registered in their name unless the builder clears his dues and the property is released from the first bank.
Equitable mortgage is an easy method of obtaining a loan, but it has many loopholes that can be used to mislead banking institutions. The main disadvantage of equitable mortgage is that any charge created on the property due to equitable mortgage is not known to the public.
The banks that have offered loans to buyers are also left in the lurch as they are unable to get a hold on the property.
Loans have become more accessible these days as banks are facilitating equitable mortgage, wherein you can pledge your property documents with the bank and avail a loan. However, there are many bitter truths associated with equitable mortgage. It has a loophole that allows fraudsters to take multiple loans with the same property.
An agency known as the CERSAI (Central Registry of Securitisation Asset Reconstruction and Security Interest of India) has been in place from March 31, 2011.
The Centre has made it compulsory for all banks, NBFCs and HFCs to register all their mortgage details with CERSAI, within 30 days of the mortgage. Whether this is being actually implemented in letter is a moot point.
On the downside, for loans taken before this initiative, the banks are not bound to share the mortgage details with CERSAI. The compulsory sharing of mortgage details is applicable to all loans facilitated after March 31, 2011.
The mortgage database is made public by CRESAI and you can verify the records of any property by visiting the CRESAI public search portal.
The formulation of the SARFAESI Act has meant that no one can take multiple loans on the same property.